微信小程序云开发数据库联表查找

需求分析

现在有以下集合

orders集合：

[
  {"_id":4,"book":"novel 1","price":30,"quantity":2},
  {"_id":5,"book":"science 1","price":20,"quantity":1},
  {"_id":6}
]

books集合：

[
  {"_id":"book1","author":"author 1","category":"novel","stock":10,"time":1564456048486,"title":"novel 1"},
  {"_id":"book3","author":"author 3","category":"science","stock":30,"title":"science 1"},
  {"_id":"book4","author":"author 3","category":"science","stock":40,"title":"science 2"},
  {"_id":"book2","author":"author 2","category":"novel","stock":20,"title":"novel 2"},
  {"_id":"book5","author":"author 4","category":"science","stock":50,"title":null},
  {"_id":"book6","author":"author 5","category":"novel","stock":"60"}
]

要求进行联表查询，返回结果，匹配字段为orders的book字段和books的title字段 # 代码

const db = cloud.database()
db.collection('orders').aggregate()
  .lookup({
    from: 'books',
    localField: 'book',
    foreignField: 'title',
    as: 'bookList',
  })
  .end()
  .then(res => console.log(res))
  .catch(err => console.error(err))

得到的结果为：

[
  {
    "_id": 4,
    "book": "novel 1",
    "price": 30,
    "quantity": 2,
    "bookList": [
      {
        "_id": "book1",
        "title": "novel 1",
        "author": "author 1",
        "category": "novel",
        "stock": 10
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "_id": 5,
    "book": "science 1",
    "price": 20,
    "quantity": 1,
    "bookList": [
      {
        "_id": "book3",
        "category": "science",
        "title": "science 1",
        "author": "author 3",
        "stock": 30
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "_id": 6,
    "bookList": [
      {
        "_id": "book5",
        "category": "science",
        "author": "author 4",
        "stock": 50,
        "title": null
      },
      {
        "_id": "book6",
        "author": "author 5",
        "stock": "60",
        "category": "novel"
      }
    ]
  }
]

HINT：其中localField字段和foreignField字段，其中一个可以指定为Array。

改进

上面的代码里会生成一个新的字段bookList，若要将查询结果直接并入上一级，可有：

var db = cloud.database()
var $ = db.command.aggregate
db.collection('orders').aggregate()
  .lookup({
    from: "books",
    localField: "book",
    foreignField: "title",
    as: "bookList"
  })
  .replaceRoot({
    newRoot: $.mergeObjects([ $.arrayElemAt(['$bookList', 0]), '$$ROOT' ])
  })
  .project({
    bookList: 0
  })
  .end()
  .then(res => console.log(res))
  .catch(err => console.error(err))

其中replaceRoot指定的是新生成的数据有哪些字段，必须传入newRoot参数 project指定要保留哪些字段，0为不保留，1为保留

引用

微信官方文档·小程序